Refined High-Strength Flat Cushion
Usage of bolt flat washer
1. The function and characteristics of flat mats
Flat gasket, also known as flat gasket or flat gasket, is a type of gasket with the shape of a flat plate, commonly used as a gasket at the connection of fasteners. Its function is to disperse the tightening force of connectors, increase the contact area, and reduce loosening or fatigue damage caused by hydrophobicity, while effectively preventing water, gas, and oil leakage. The material of flat pads is generally metal or rubber, which has the characteristics of withstanding high temperature, high pressure, and wear resistance.
2. Usage scenarios and precautions for products
Flat gaskets are usually used to connect fasteners such as impellers, pipes, elbows, flanges, etc. to ensure tightness and sealing between the connectors. When using, it is necessary to choose the appropriate material and thickness based on the pressure, temperature, and other parameters of the equipment to ensure its normal use.
3. When using, corresponding installation and usage requirements should be followed, and it should not be too tight or too loose to avoid mechanical damage or loosening, which may cause danger.
In summary, flat washers and washers are two commonly used gaskets in mechanical component connections, and their different shapes and sizes give them their unique usage scenarios and characteristics. When selecting and using, scientific and reasonable selection and use should be made based on the actual situation.
Surface treatment process
1. Electro-galvanizingElectro-galvanizing, also known as cold galvanizing in the industry, is the process of using electrolysis to form a uniform, dense and well-bonded metal or alloy deposition layer on the surface of the workpiece. Compared with other metals, zinc is a relatively inexpensive and easy to coat metal, which is a low-value anti-corrosion electroplating layer, which is widely used to protect steel parts, especially against atmospheric corrosion, and for decoration. Plating technologies include channel plating (or hang plating), barrel plating (for small parts), blue plating, automatic plating, and continuous plating (for wire, strip). Electrogalvanizing is the most commonly used coating for commercial fasteners. It is cheaper and has a better appearance, and can be available in black or army green. However, its anti-corrosion performance is average, and its anti-corrosion performance is the lowest among the zinc plating (coating) layers. Generally, the neutral salt spray test of electrogalvanizing is within 72 hours, and special sealing agents are also used to make the neutral salt spray test reach more than 200 hours, but the price is expensive, which is 5-8 times that of general galvanizing. Fasteners for structural parts generally have color zinc and white zinc, such as 8.8 and other commercial-grade bolts.
2. Chrome plating is mainly to improve surface hardness, beautiful and rust-proof. Chromium plating has good chemical stability and does not act in alkalis, sulfides, nitric acid and most organic acids, but is soluble in hydrohalic acid (such as hydrochloric acid) and hot sulfuric acid. Because chromium does not change color, it can maintain its reflective ability for a long time when used, and is better than silver and nickel.
3.Nickel plating is mainly divided into wear-resistant, anti-corrosion, anti-rust, and generally thin process
Size
Parameters
| Size | Φ1.7 | Φ1.8 | Φ2.2 | Φ2.5 | Φ2.7 | Φ2.8 | Φ3.2 | Φ3.7 | Φ4.3 | Φ5.3 | Φ6.4 | Φ7.4 | Φ8.4 | Φ10.5 | Φ13 | Φ15 | |
| M | For thread size | M1.6 | M1.7 | M2 | M2.3 | M2.5 | M2.6 | M3 | M3.5 | M4 | M5 | M6 | M7 | M8 | M10 | M12 | M14 |
| d | min=nominal size | 1.7 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 3.2 | 3.7 | 4.3 | 5.3 | 6.4 | 7.4 | 8.4 | 10.5 | 13 | 15 |
| max | 1.84 | 1.94 | 2.34 | 2.64 | 2.84 | 2.94 | 3.38 | 3.88 | 4.48 | 5.48 | 6.62 | 7.62 | 8.62 | 10.77 | 13.27 | 15.27 | |
| dc | max=nominal size | 4 | 4.5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 12 | 14 | 16 | 20 | 24 | 28 |
| min | 3.70 | 4.20 | 4.70 | 5.70 | 5.70 | 6.64 | 6.64 | 7.64 | 8.64 | 9.64 | 11.57 | 13.57 | 15.57 | 19.48 | 23.48 | 27.48 | |
| h | Nominal Size | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 1 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 2 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
| max | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 2.7 | 2.7 | |
| min | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 2.3 | |
| per 1000 units = kg | 0.024 | 0.031 | 0.037 | 0.092 | 0.088 | 0.127 | 0.119 | 0.155 | 0.308 | 0.443 | 1.02 | 1.39 | 1.83 | 3.57 | 6.27 | 8.62 | |
| Size | Φ17 | Φ19 | Φ21 | Φ23 | Φ25 | Φ27 | Φ28 | Φ29 | Φ31 | Φ33 | Φ34 | Φ36 | Φ37 | Φ39 | Φ40 | Φ41 | |
| M | For thread size | M16 | M18 | M20 | M22 | M24 | M26 | M27 | M28 | M30 | M32 | M33 | M35 | M36 | M38 | M39 | M40 |
| d | min=nominal size | 17 | 19 | 21 | 23 | 25 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 31 | 33 | 34 | 36 | 37 | 39 | 40 | 41 |
| max | 17.27 | 19.33 | 21.33 | 23.33 | 25.33 | 27.33 | 28.33 | 29.33 | 31.39 | 33.62 | 34.62 | 36.62 | 37.62 | 39.62 | 40.62 | 41.62 | |
| dc | max=nominal size | 30 | 34 | 37 | 39 | 44 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 56 | 60 | 60 | 66 | 66 | 72 | 72 | 72 |
| min | 29.48 | 33.38 | 36.38 | 38.38 | 43.38 | 49.38 | 49.38 | 49.38 | 55.26 | 58.80 | 58.80 | 64.80 | 64.80 | 70.80 | 70.80 | 70.80 | |
| h | Nominal Size | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| max | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.6 | |
| min | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.4 | |
| per 1000 units = kg | 11.3 | 14.7 | 17.2 | 18.3 | 32.3 | 43.7 | 42.3 | 40.9 | 53.6 | 77.4 | 75.3 | 94.3 | 92.1 | 136 | 133 | 130 | |
| Size | Φ43 | Φ46 | Φ50 | Φ52 | Φ54 | Φ57 | Φ58 | Φ60 | Φ62 | Φ66 | Φ70 | Φ74 | Φ78 | Φ82 | Φ87 | Φ93 | |
| M | For thread size | M42 | M45 | M48 | M50 | M52 | M55 | M56 | M58 | M60 | M64 | M68 | M72 | M76 | M80 | M85 | M90 |
| d | min=nominal size | 43 | 46 | 50 | 52 | 54 | 57 | 58 | 60 | 62 | 66 | 70 | 74 | 78 | 82 | 87 | 93 |
| max | 43.62 | 46.62 | 50.62 | 52.74 | 54.74 | 57.74 | 58.74 | 60.74 | 62.74 | 66.74 | 70.74 | 74.74 | 78.74 | 82.87 | 87.87 | 93.87 | |
| dc | max=nominal size | 78 | 85 | 92 | 92 | 98 | 105 | 105 | 110 | 110 | 115 | 120 | 125 | 135 | 140 | 145 | 160 |
| min | 76.80 | 83.60 | 90.60 | 90.60 | 96.60 | 103.60 | 103.60 | 108.60 | 108.60 | 113.60 | 118.60 | 123.40 | 133.40 | 138.40 | 143.40 | 158.40 | |
| h | Nominal Size | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
| max | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13.2 | |
| min | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 10.8 | |
| per 1000 units = kg | 183 | 220 | 294 | 284 | 330 | 431 | 425 | 472 | 458 | 492 | 586 | 626 | 749 | 953 | 996 | 1250 | |
| Size | Φ98 | Φ104 | Φ109 | Φ114 | Φ119 | Φ124 | Φ129 | Φ134 | Φ139 | Φ144 | Φ149 | Φ155 | Φ165 | |
| M | For thread size | M95 | M100 | M105 | M110 | M115 | M120 | M125 | M130 | M135 | M140 | M145 | M150 | M160 |
| d | min=nominal size | 98 | 104 | 109 | 114 | 119 | 124 | 129 | 134 | 139 | 144 | 149 | 155 | 165 |
| max | 98.87 | 104.87 | 109.87 | 114.87 | 119.87 | 125 | 130 | 135 | 140 | 145 | 150 | 156 | 166 | |
| dc | max=nominal size | 165 | 175 | 180 | 185 | 200 | 210 | 220 | 220 | 230 | 240 | 250 | 250 | 250 |
| min | 163.40 | 173.40 | 178.40 | 183.15 | 198.15* | 208.15 | 218.15 | 218.15 | 228.15 | 238.15 | 248.15 | 248.15 | 248.15 | |
| h | Nominal Size | 12 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 |
| max | 13.2 | 15.2 | 15.2 | 15.2 | 15.2 | 17.2 | 17.2 | 17.2 | 17.2 | 19.2 | 19.2 | 19.2 | 19.2 | |
| min | 10.8 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 14.8 | 14.8 | 14.8 | 14.8 | 16.8 | 16.8 | 16.8 | 16.8 | |
| per 1000 units = kg | 1300 | 1710 | 1770 | 1830 | 2230 | 2830 | 3130 | 3000 | 3310 | 4090 | 4470 | 4270 | 3910 | |
